TSMC
The foundry that manufactures most leading-edge AI chips, and the builder of the Arizona fab cluster.
Role in each timeline
- Intel Foundry and 18A: From IDM 2.0 to a Government-Owned Stake
The leading foundry competitor used as the benchmark for Intel 14A performance and 18A density comparisons.
- TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster
The Taiwan-based chip manufacturer building and operating the Arizona fab and packaging cluster.
- Nvidia Data Center GPUs: Hopper, Blackwell and Vera Rubin
Nvidia’s manufacturing partner; reporting cited its CoWoS packaging as a suspected factor in the reported 2024 Blackwell delay.
- Custom AI Silicon at the Hyperscalers: TPU, Trainium, Maia, MTIA and the OpenAI–Broadcom Chip
Manufactures major hyperscaler accelerator designs, including Maia 200, and is central to expected 2 nm TPU and MTIA production.
- AMD Instinct: From MI300X to Helios and the Gigawatt Deals
Supply-chain company named in AMD's Data Center growth discussion.
TSMC across every timeline
Every dated entry that names TSMC, from all 5 timelines, newest first. Earlier years show only dates and titles; click a year to show the details.
202619 entries
- TSMC Arizona produces more than 100 million Apple chips in 2026 Announcement
Apple said TSMC Arizona produced more than 100 million chips for Apple during 2026. Apple said the chips were used in iPhone, iPad, and Apple Watch products.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC settles the Fab 2 date at Q3 2027, slightly ahead of its own earlier schedule Announcement
TSMC said construction of its second Arizona fab was complete with tool move-in and installation under way, and put N3 volume production in the third quarter of 2027 — "slightly ahead of our previous schedule". That resolves the conflict this page recorded on 5 October, when a TSMC careers page put Fab 2 at 2028 while the earnings call pointed at 2027.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - A TSMC careers page puts Fab 2 at 2028; the earnings call said high-volume production in 2027 Report
A TSMC Arizona job posting described the second fab as using N3 and N2 and being operational in 2028. On the January 2026 earnings call the company said it was pulling the schedule forward and expected high-volume manufacturing in the second half of 2027. The two are a year apart, and only one of them is a commitment the company made to investors.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - SemiAnalysis finds similar density for Panther Lake 18A and TSMC N3E logic Report
SemiAnalysis reported that its measurements found similar logic density between Panther Lake’s Intel 18A compute logic and TSMC N3E GPU logic. Notebookcheck reported the same SemiAnalysis finding.
on Intel Foundry and 18A: From IDM 2.0 to a Government-Owned Stake - Sarah Friar says OpenAI needs multiple chip providers Response
OpenAI CFO Sarah Friar said the company needs multiple providers to manage supply-chain risk. She cited the possibility that a supplier, including TSMC, might not provide needed capacity.
on Custom AI Silicon at the Hyperscalers: TPU, Trainium, Maia, MTIA and the OpenAI–Broadcom Chip - AMD expects Data Center sales to double in 2027 Financial
Advanced Micro Devices said it expected its Data Center business to double in 2027 to about $70 billion in sales. The company said it had undertaken supply-chain work to support doubling Data Center revenue the following year. Su added that all three anchor customers for MI450 and Helios had given forecasts above AMD's initial expectations, and that AMD was working with suppliers to support them.
on AMD Instinct: From MI300X to Helios and the Gigawatt Deals - Meta receives 12 new chip samples from TSMC Shipment
Bloomberg reported that 12 units of Meta's new model arrived from TSMC on September 1. The report said their performance was within 2% to 3% of Meta's simulations.
on Custom AI Silicon at the Hyperscalers: TPU, Trainium, Maia, MTIA and the OpenAI–Broadcom Chip - TSMC Arizona becomes the most profitable overseas fab with a record NT$36.07 billion first-half profit Report
Citing TSMC's first-half 2026 interim report, Commercial Times and the Economic Daily News reported that TSMC Arizona posted a record NT$36.066 billion profit, up 662.8 percent year on year, overtaking TSMC Nanjing as the company's most profitable overseas subsidiary. The Arizona unit contributed more than 60 percent of the NT$58.529 billion earned by TSMC's four main manufacturing subsidiaries. Second-quarter profit slipped 8.2 percent from the first quarter to NT$17.259 billion as depreciation mounted, and Commercial Times put TSMC's second-quarter investment income from the U.S. fab at about NT$14.603 billion, down 13.6 percent from NT$16.909 billion. TaiwanPlus put the half-year figure at around US$1.1 billion.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Microsoft plans a Maia 300 reveal in September and 300,000-plus chips from TSMC for 2027 Report
The Information reported that Microsoft was targeting a public unveiling of Maia 300 as soon as September and negotiating TSMC capacity for more than 300,000 units in 2027, an order dwarfing the tens of thousands of Maia 200 chips built so far, with a longer-term aim of more than a million. Maia 200 had been delayed after early tests missed targets and was running in only a few data centers; Nadella had told investors on July 29 it delivered 30 percent better performance per dollar.
on Custom AI Silicon at the Hyperscalers: TPU, Trainium, Maia, MTIA and the OpenAI–Broadcom Chip - Another US$100 billion for Arizona: total reaches US$265 billion for more 2nm fabs and packaging Announcement
Alongside second-quarter 2026 results, chairman C.C. Wei said TSMC would invest an additional US$100 billion in Arizona to build several more wafer fabs for 2-nanometer and below technologies plus advanced packaging fabs, bringing the state total to US$265 billion. Wei said there was a plan but no firm schedule for the new sites.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Taiwan approves US$20 billion TSMC Arizona capital injection Regulatory
Taiwan's Ministry of Economic Affairs approved TSMC's US$20 billion capital injection into TSMC Arizona. The funding was designated for a 12-inch wafer fab and an advanced-packaging plant in Arizona.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Vera Rubin ramping across the supply chain; production shipments set for fall 2026 Announcement
At GTC Taipei ahead of Computex, Nvidia said hundreds of supply chain partners across more than 350 factories in 30 countries were ramping Vera Rubin, with production shipments to begin in the fall.
on Nvidia Data Center GPUs: Hopper, Blackwell and Vera Rubin - TSMC board approves up to US$20 billion for TSMC Arizona Financial
TSMC's board approved a capital injection of no more than US$20 billion into TSMC Arizona. The authorization was disclosed in a Form 6-K filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC Arizona holds Fab 3 topping-out ceremony Update
TSMC Arizona held a topping-out ceremony for Fab 3 with Phoenix Mayor Kate Gallego and TSMC Arizona executives. TSMC Arizona said it celebrated the topping of its third fab in May.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Initial construction starts on fourth Arizona fab and packaging plant Update
TSMC started initial construction on its fourth Arizona fab and first advanced-packaging plant. The City of Phoenix reported that TSMC announced the start during the preceding month.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC says all advanced packaging remains in Taiwan Response
TSMC told EE Times that all of its advanced packaging was in Taiwan. TSMC planned two advanced-packaging facilities at its Arizona site.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Apple plans to buy over 100 million TSMC Arizona chips in 2026 Announcement
Apple said it was on track to purchase well over 100 million advanced chips produced by TSMC at its Arizona facility in 2026. Apple said this would be an increase from 2025.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC completes purchase of a second Arizona-area land parcel Update
TSMC said it had completed the purchase of a second large parcel near its Arizona site. The company said the land would support its expansion plan and provide flexibility for multiyear AI-related demand.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC says it is pulling forward Arizona fab schedules toward an independent gigafab cluster Announcement
On the fourth-quarter 2025 call, TSMC said it was pulling forward existing fab schedules in Taiwan and Arizona, that Arizona yields and defect density were almost equal to Taiwan, and that the plan would scale an independent gigafab cluster in Arizona with around 30 percent of 2nm-and-more-advanced capacity.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster
20257 entries
- Second fab construction complete, production pulled forward; 30% of 2nm-and-beyond capacity to be in Arizona Announcement
On the second-quarter 2025 call, CEO C.C. Wei said construction of the second Arizona fab, for 3nm, was complete and its volume production schedule was being sped up by several quarters. Work on the third fab, for 2nm and A16, had begun. Wei said about 30 percent of TSMC's 2nm-and-smaller capacity would eventually be in Arizona.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC breaks ground on its third Arizona fab, slated for N2 and A16 Update
TSMC broke ground on its third Phoenix fab on April 29, 2025, with Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick attending. TSMC's Arizona site page says the fab is slated for N2 and A16 process technologies.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC assigns N2 and A16 to its third and fourth Arizona fabs Announcement
TSMC said its third and fourth Arizona fabs would use N2 and A16 process technologies. It said construction was scheduled to begin later in 2025, subject to receiving permits.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC says second Arizona fab construction is complete Announcement
TSMC said construction of its second Arizona fab was already complete. It said the fab would use 3-nanometer process technologies and that the company was speeding up its volume-production schedule.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - AMD validates fifth-generation EPYC products at TSMC Arizona fab Announcement
AMD announced successful bring-up and validation of its fifth-generation EPYC CPU products at TSMC's new Arizona fabrication facility. AMD said the result underscored its commitment to US manufacturing.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - NVIDIA says Blackwell chips start production at TSMC Phoenix plants Announcement
NVIDIA announced that Blackwell chips had started production at TSMC chip plants in Phoenix, Arizona. The statement identified the production location as TSMC's Phoenix plants.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC adds US$100 billion for three more fabs, two packaging plants and an R&D center: US$165 billion total Announcement
Announced at the White House with President Trump, the expansion took TSMC's planned U.S. investment from US$65 billion to US$165 billion, covering three additional fabs, two advanced packaging facilities and a major R&D team center in Arizona.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster
- Jul 17, 2025Second fab construction complete, production pulled forward; 30% of 2nm-and-beyond capacity to be in Arizona
- Apr 29, 2025TSMC breaks ground on its third Arizona fab, slated for N2 and A16
- Apr 17, 2025TSMC assigns N2 and A16 to its third and fourth Arizona fabs
- Apr 17, 2025TSMC says second Arizona fab construction is complete
- Apr 14, 2025AMD validates fifth-generation EPYC products at TSMC Arizona fab
- Apr 14, 2025NVIDIA says Blackwell chips start production at TSMC Phoenix plants
- Mar 4, 2025TSMC adds US$100 billion for three more fabs, two packaging plants and an R&D center: US$165 billion total
202411 entries
- First Arizona fab enters volume production on N4 Launch
TSMC has said its first Arizona fab has been in volume production since late 2024, on the N4 process, a few months ahead of the first-half-2025 target set in April 2024. TSMC gives the timing as late 2024 or the fourth quarter; no exact date has been published.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Commerce says Arizona Fab 1 yields are on par with Taiwan Report
The U.S. Department of Commerce said early production yields at TSMC’s first Arizona plant were on par with similar factories in Taiwan. The statement concerned early Fab 1 production yields.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Commerce finalizes up to US$6.6 billion CHIPS award for TSMC Arizona Regulatory
The U.S. Department of Commerce finalized a CHIPS Act award of up to US$6.6 billion in direct funding for TSMC Arizona. Commerce said the award supports TSMC’s planned investment of more than US$65 billion in three Phoenix fabs.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Report says Phoenix fab yield exceeds comparable Taiwan fabs Report
Bloomberg reported that usable-chip yield at TSMC's Phoenix facility was about four percentage points higher than at comparable facilities in Taiwan. The report attributed the statement to TSMC US division president Rick Cassidy during a webinar.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC authorizes up to US$7.5 billion for TSMC Arizona Financial
TSMC’s board authorized a capital injection of up to US$7.5 billion into TSMC Arizona. The resolution identifies TSMC Arizona as a wholly owned TSMC subsidiary.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Blackwell shipments reported delayed to early 2025; Nvidia says production is on track Report
Citing The Information, The Register reported that Nvidia had told Microsoft of delays to the most advanced Blackwell parts, with volume shipments pushed to the first quarter of 2025 and TSMC's CoWoS packaging suspected as the cause. Nvidia's statement did not confirm a delay: it said sampling had started and production was on track to ramp in the second half.
on Nvidia Data Center GPUs: Hopper, Blackwell and Vera Rubin - Up to US$6.6 billion in CHIPS Act funding; third fab planned; second fab moves to 2nm and 2028 Regulatory
TSMC Arizona and the U.S. Department of Commerce announced a preliminary agreement for up to US$6.6 billion in direct CHIPS Act funding. TSMC added a third Phoenix fab for 2nm or more advanced processes by the end of the decade, taking the site to more than US$65 billion. The first fab was described as on track for 4nm production in the first half of 2025, and the second fab was now to produce 2nm as well as 3nm, with production beginning in 2028 rather than 2026.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - First Arizona fab enters N4 engineering-wafer production Update
TSMC said its first Arizona fab entered engineering-wafer production in April using N4 process technology. The statement concerned engineering-wafer production.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Blackwell platform announced at GTC 2024 with B200 and GB200 Announcement
Nvidia announced the Blackwell architecture in San Jose, listing the B200 Tensor Core GPU and the GB200 Grace Blackwell Superchip, which pairs two B200 GPUs with a Grace CPU. The release claims up to 25x lower cost and energy for LLM inference compared with H100.
on Nvidia Data Center GPUs: Hopper, Blackwell and Vera Rubin - TSMC authorizes up to US$5 billion for TSMC Arizona Financial
TSMC’s board authorized a capital injection of up to US$5 billion into TSMC Arizona. TSMC Arizona is a wholly owned TSMC subsidiary.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC puts Fab 2 production planning in 2027 or 2028 Delay
TSMC said its current planning placed Fab 2 production in 2027 or 2028. It said the process-technology choice remained undecided.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster
- Dec 2024First Arizona fab enters volume production on N4
- Nov 15, 2024Commerce says Arizona Fab 1 yields are on par with Taiwan
- Nov 15, 2024Commerce finalizes up to US$6.6 billion CHIPS award for TSMC Arizona
- Oct 23, 2024Report says Phoenix fab yield exceeds comparable Taiwan fabs
- Aug 13, 2024TSMC authorizes up to US$7.5 billion for TSMC Arizona
- Aug 5, 2024Blackwell shipments reported delayed to early 2025; Nvidia says production is on track
- Apr 8, 2024Up to US$6.6 billion in CHIPS Act funding; third fab planned; second fab moves to 2nm and 2028
- Apr 2024First Arizona fab enters N4 engineering-wafer production
- Mar 18, 2024Blackwell platform announced at GTC 2024 with B200 and GB200
- Feb 6, 2024TSMC authorizes up to US$5 billion for TSMC Arizona
- Jan 18, 2024TSMC puts Fab 2 production planning in 2027 or 2028
20234 entries
- TSMC authorizes up to US$4.5 billion for TSMC Arizona Financial
TSMC’s board authorized a capital injection of up to US$4.5 billion into TSMC Arizona. The resolution identifies TSMC Arizona as a wholly owned TSMC subsidiary.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC pushes Arizona N4 production out to 2025, citing a shortage of skilled workers Delay
On its second-quarter 2023 earnings call, TSMC chairman Mark Liu said the Arizona fab lacked enough workers with the expertise needed to install equipment, and that N4 production would be pushed from 2024 to 2025. TSMC said it was sending experienced technicians from Taiwan to train local staff.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC authorizes up to US$3.5 billion for TSMC Arizona Financial
TSMC’s board authorized a capital injection of up to US$3.5 billion into TSMC Arizona. TSMC Arizona is a wholly owned TSMC subsidiary.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - TSMC says US fab construction costs can be four to five times Taiwan's Financial
TSMC said construction costs for building and facility work could be four to five times higher for a US fab than for a fab in Taiwan. It said construction costs were a major reason for the cost gap.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster
- Aug 8, 2023TSMC authorizes up to US$4.5 billion for TSMC Arizona
- Jul 20, 2023TSMC pushes Arizona N4 production out to 2025, citing a shortage of skilled workers
- Feb 14, 2023TSMC authorizes up to US$3.5 billion for TSMC Arizona
- Jan 12, 2023TSMC says US fab construction costs can be four to five times Taiwan's
20222 entries
- Tool-in ceremony: first fab moves to N4, second fab announced for 3nm in 2026, US$40 billion total Announcement
At the ceremony marking the arrival of manufacturing equipment, attended by President Biden, TSMC said the first fab would begin N4 production in 2024 and that construction of a second fab had started, with 3nm production scheduled for 2026. The two fabs together were put at about US$40 billion.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster - Nvidia announces the Hopper architecture and H100 GPU at GTC 2022 Announcement
Nvidia introduced Hopper, the successor to Ampere, with the H100 as its first GPU. The press release cites 80 billion transistors on a TSMC 4N process and says the H100 will be available in the third quarter.
on Nvidia Data Center GPUs: Hopper, Blackwell and Vera Rubin
- Dec 6, 2022Tool-in ceremony: first fab moves to N4, second fab announced for 3nm in 2026, US$40 billion total
- Mar 22, 2022Nvidia announces the Hopper architecture and H100 GPU at GTC 2022
20211 entry
- TSMC begins construction at its Arizona fab site Update
TSMC said it had started construction at an Arizona site for a computer-chip factory. The company planned to spend US$12 billion on the facility.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster
20201 entry
- TSMC announces a US$12 billion 5nm fab in Arizona Announcement
TSMC said it intended to build and operate an advanced fab in the United States with support from the federal government and the State of Arizona: 5-nanometer technology, 20,000 wafers a month, over 1,600 jobs, about US$12 billion of spending from 2021 to 2029, construction from 2021 and production in 2024.
on TSMC Arizona: From a $12 Billion Fab to a $265 Billion Gigafab Cluster