{
  "data_version": "1",
  "schema": "https://whatledto.com/data",
  "id": "united-states",
  "name": "United States",
  "kind": "regulator",
  "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/united-states",
  "description": "",
  "same_as": [],
  "timelines": [
    {
      "slug": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "title": "Hormuz Disrupted: The Closure, the Reopening That Did Not Hold, and $114 Oil",
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "json": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows.json",
      "role": "Reached the 18 June memorandum with Iran and later resumed a naval blockade of traffic entering and leaving Iranian ports.",
      "entries": 0,
      "updated_at": "2026-10-16T02:10:55.460976+00:00"
    },
    {
      "slug": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "title": "The US–Canada Trade War: From the Fentanyl Tariffs to Section 338 and Dollar-for-Dollar Retaliation",
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war",
      "json": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war.json",
      "role": "Imposed the IEEPA, Section 232 and Section 338 measures and is seeking changes to Canadian trade, procurement, alcohol and dairy policies.",
      "entries": 12,
      "updated_at": "2026-10-14T06:23:01.265281+00:00"
    },
    {
      "slug": "us-tariff-refund-litigation",
      "title": "IEEPA Tariff Refunds: From the Supreme Court Ruling to the Console Lawsuits",
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation",
      "json": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation.json",
      "role": "Defendant in the Freestyle World class action.",
      "entries": 1,
      "updated_at": "2026-10-14T04:35:35.915350+00:00"
    },
    {
      "slug": "nvidia-china-export-controls",
      "title": "US Export Controls on Nvidia AI Chips to China: A100 to H20 to H200",
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/nvidia-china-export-controls",
      "json": "https://whatledto.com/events/nvidia-china-export-controls.json",
      "role": "Established the AI dialogue with China.",
      "entries": 0,
      "updated_at": "2026-10-14T02:01:40.262749+00:00"
    }
  ],
  "entries": [
    {
      "timeline": "us-tariff-refund-litigation",
      "id": 2061,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation#n2061",
      "date": "2026-10-08",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Trade court certifies Freestyle World IEEPA refund class",
      "summary": "The Court of International Trade certified Freestyle World's proposed class under USCIT Rule 23(b)(2). The class covers importers of record that paid challenged duties from February 1, 2025 through February 19, 2026 and did not separately sue for refunds.",
      "type": "legal",
      "entities": [
        "Freestyle World, Inc.",
        "United States",
        "Court of International Trade"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "freestyle-world-inc",
        "united-states",
        "court-of-international-trade"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.cit.uscourts.gov/sites/cit/files/26-123.pdf",
          "outlet": "U.S. Court of International Trade",
          "published": "2026-10-08",
          "quote": "For the reasons that follow, the \ncourt grants Freestyle’s motion and certifies the proposed class pursuant to USCIT Rule 23(b)(2)."
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.internationaltradeinsights.com/2026/10/ieepa-refund-class-action-suit-to-move-forward/",
          "outlet": "Husch Blackwell",
          "published": "2026-10-09",
          "quote": "On October 8, 2026, the U.S. Court of International Trade (“CIT”) [granted](https://www.cit.uscourts.gov/sites/cit/files/26-123.pdf) Plaintiff Freestyle World, Inc.’s (“Freestyle World”) motion for class certification and appointment of class counsel."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1997,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1997",
      "date": "2026-10-08",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Greer says United States will talk if Canada agrees to its terms",
      "summary": "U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said the United States was holding to its position in talks with Canada. He said U.S. officials were ready to talk when Canada wanted to reach agreement.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "Jamieson Greer",
        "Office of the United States Trade Representative",
        "Government of Canada",
        "United States"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "jamieson-greer",
        "office-of-the-united-states-trade-representative",
        "government-of-canada",
        "united-states"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.aol.com/articles/ustr-greer-says-us-holding-115902000.html",
          "outlet": "Reuters via AOL",
          "published": "2026-10-08",
          "quote": "When the Canadians want to get to yes, obviously we'll be there ready to talk"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1820,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1820",
      "date": "2026-10-02",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Finance Canada sets out how to seek remission of the September counter-tariffs",
      "summary": "The Department of Finance Canada published the framework for businesses to request exceptional remission of Canada's counter-tariffs on U.S. goods. The counter-tariffs, announced on August 25 and effective September 8, apply at 15, 25 and 50 per cent to products drawn from those targeted by U.S. Section 338 and Section 232 tariffs, with each Canadian rate matching the corresponding U.S. rate. Finance assesses requests, may consult domestic producers, and recommends remission to the Minister of Finance under section 115 of the Customs Tariff; an Order in Council is needed for relief to take effect, and only companies registered in Canada may apply.",
      "type": "regulatory",
      "entities": [
        "Department of Finance Canada",
        "Government of Canada",
        "United States"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "department-of-finance-canada",
        "government-of-canada",
        "united-states"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/programs/international-trade-finance-policy/process-requesting-remission-tariffs-that-apply-on-certain-goods-us.html",
          "outlet": "Department of Finance Canada",
          "published": "2026-10-02",
          "quote": "“Canada's tariff remission framework remains available to assess requests for exceptional relief.”"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1648,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1648",
      "date": "2026-09-29",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "U.S. import bans on specified Canadian goods take effect",
      "summary": "Import bans on specified Canadian alcoholic beverages and dairy products took effect, under the proclamation responding to Canada's retaliation.",
      "type": "regulatory",
      "entities": [
        "United States",
        "Canada"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "united-states",
        "canada"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2026/09/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-responds-to-canadas-retaliation/",
          "outlet": "The White House",
          "published": "2026-09-08",
          "quote": "The import bans will take effect on September 29, 2026, and the product additions and removals will take effect on September 15, 2026."
        },
        {
          "url": "https://apnews.com/article/canada-us-trade-ban-tariffs-bdb4d9b946e98f84088c5c0f7f522588",
          "outlet": "Associated Press",
          "published": "2026-09-29",
          "quote": "U.S.-Canada relations, already tense, are likely to deteriorate further after the United States went ahead early Tuesday with a decision to ban nearly $1 billion worth of Canadian imports, including alcoholic beverages, dairy products and motorcycles."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1565,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1565",
      "date": "2026-09-25",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Greer says United States has no urgency for a Canada trade deal",
      "summary": "Jamieson Greer said Donald Trump was comfortable with the United States' position on Canada. Greer said there was no urgency on the U.S. side to conclude a trade deal with Canada.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "Jamieson Greer",
        "Donald Trump",
        "Office of the United States Trade Representative",
        "Canada",
        "United States"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "jamieson-greer",
        "donald-trump",
        "office-of-the-united-states-trade-representative",
        "canada",
        "united-states"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://globalnews.ca/news/12072973/trump-comfortable-canada-trade-talks-greer/",
          "outlet": "Global News",
          "published": "2026-09-25",
          "quote": "President Trump is comfortable with where we are on Canada."
        },
        {
          "url": "https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/trumps-trade-czar-says-sees-150545269.html",
          "outlet": "The Canadian Press via Yahoo Finance",
          "published": "2026-09-25",
          "quote": "There’s no urgency on our side, I will say."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1563,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1563",
      "date": "2026-09-22",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Trump says U.S. will continue buying Canadian potash",
      "summary": "Donald Trump said the United States would continue to buy potash from Canada. He said Belarus wanted to sell potash at a lower price.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "Donald Trump",
        "United States",
        "Canada",
        "Belarus",
        "Volodymyr Zelenskyy",
        "potash"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "donald-trump",
        "united-states",
        "canada",
        "belarus",
        "volodymyr-zelenskyy",
        "potash"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://globalnews.ca/news/12069085/trump-canadian-potash-september-22/",
          "outlet": "Global News / The Canadian Press",
          "published": "2026-09-22",
          "quote": "We’ll continue to go with Canada, but Belarus would like to sell it for a much lower price."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1562,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1562",
      "date": "2026-09-21",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Trump says Belarus potash-purchase deal is being developed",
      "summary": "Donald Trump said the United States was working on a deal to purchase potash from Belarus. The statement described a prospective arrangement and did not announce a completed contract.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "Donald Trump",
        "United States",
        "Canada",
        "Belarus",
        "potash"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "donald-trump",
        "united-states",
        "canada",
        "belarus",
        "potash"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-09-21/trump-says-potash-deal-with-belarus-in-works-amid-canada-fight",
          "outlet": "Bloomberg",
          "published": "2026-09-21",
          "quote": "The United States is working on a massive Deal with respect to the purchase of Potash from Belarus."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1299,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1299",
      "date": "2026-09-15",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Section 338 tariff-schedule revisions take effect",
      "summary": "Revisions to the Section 338 tariff schedule under the U.S. motor-vehicles proclamation took effect on September 15, 2026. The changes applied to goods entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption on or after that date.",
      "type": "regulatory",
      "entities": [
        "Donald Trump",
        "United States",
        "Canada",
        "U.S. Customs and Border Protection"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "donald-trump",
        "united-states",
        "canada",
        "us-customs-and-border-protection"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2026-18839.pdf",
          "outlet": "Federal Register, Presidential Proclamation 11065",
          "published": "2026-09-14",
          "quote": "“These changes shall be effective with respect to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on September 15, 2026.”"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1298,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1298",
      "date": "2026-09-14",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Carney welcomes Trump's comments and says Canada is ready to negotiate",
      "summary": "After Trump said a deal could come fairly soon, Carney said a mutually advantageous agreement remained possible, one respecting Canadian sovereignty and cultural institutions, and that Canada was ready to sit down and negotiate. He said he remained in regular contact with Trump and was open to re-engagement if the United States respected Canada's red lines.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "Mark Carney",
        "Donald Trump",
        "Government of Canada",
        "United States"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "mark-carney",
        "donald-trump",
        "government-of-canada",
        "united-states"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/tariffs/2026/09/14/i-welcome-the-presidents-comments-pm-carney-responds-to-trump-update-on-canada-us-trade-deal/",
          "outlet": "BNN Bloomberg",
          "published": "2026-09-14",
          "quote": "\"We're ready to sit down and negotiate that and move it forward.\""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/tariffs/2026/09/14/i-welcome-the-presidents-comments-pm-carney-responds-to-trump-update-on-canada-us-trade-deal/",
          "outlet": "BNN Bloomberg",
          "published": "2026-09-14",
          "quote": "Carney, however, said last week he remains in \"regular contact\" with Trump, signalling an openness to re-engagement if the U.S. respects red lines in the negotiations."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1297,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1297",
      "date": "2026-09-12",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Trump says a Canada-U.S. trade deal could come fairly soon",
      "summary": "Donald Trump said a trade deal with Canada could come fairly soon. Reporting said he gave no details on whether formal talks between the two economies had resumed.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "Donald Trump",
        "Canada",
        "United States"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "donald-trump",
        "canada",
        "united-states"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/trump-says-us-canada-probably-102840273.html",
          "outlet": "Bloomberg News via Yahoo Finance",
          "published": "2026-09-12",
          "quote": "“President Donald Trump expressed optimism about resolving a trade war with Canada, saying that a deal could come ‘fairly soon,’ but provided no details into whether formal talks between the two economies had resumed.”"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://globalnews.ca/news/12056734/eu-trump-ireland/",
          "outlet": "Global News",
          "published": "2026-09-12",
          "quote": "“When those things go away, and they’re willing to get rid of all of them, you’ll probably see a deal with Canada fairly soon.”"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1296,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1296",
      "date": "2026-09-10",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "New Brunswick orders public sector to stop buying U.S. substitutes",
      "summary": "Susan Holt ordered New Brunswick's public sector to stop buying American products when Canadian substitutes are available. The order concerned provincial public-sector purchasing.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "Government of New Brunswick",
        "Susan Holt",
        "United States"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "government-of-new-brunswick",
        "susan-holt",
        "united-states"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://toronto.citynews.ca/2026/09/10/pm-carney-says-he-and-trump-have-talked-in-the-last-few-days/",
          "outlet": "The Canadian Press",
          "published": "2026-09-10",
          "quote": "“New Brunswick Premier Susan Holt has ordered the province’s public sector to stop buying American products when Canadian substitutes are available.”"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1294,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1294",
      "date": "2026-09-10",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Carney signals restraint on further retaliation",
      "summary": "Mark Carney said Canada might hold off on further retaliation against the latest U.S. trade measures. The federal government was studying the tariffs and import bans while considering whether to adjust retaliatory tariffs.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "Mark Carney",
        "Donald Trump",
        "Government of Canada",
        "United States"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "mark-carney",
        "donald-trump",
        "government-of-canada",
        "united-states"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.local10.com/news/world/2026/09/10/carney-calls-trumps-latest-trade-measures-relatively-modest-signals-restraint/",
          "outlet": "Associated Press",
          "published": "2026-09-10",
          "quote": "“Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney signaled Thursday that Canada may hold off on further retaliation against U.S. President Donald Trump’s latest trade measures, calling them ‘relatively modest’ compared to earlier U.S. actions.”"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://toronto.citynews.ca/2026/09/10/pm-carney-says-he-and-trump-have-talked-in-the-last-few-days/",
          "outlet": "The Canadian Press",
          "published": "2026-09-10",
          "quote": "“Prime Minister Mark Carney says the federal government is still studying the United States’ latest tariffs and import bans as it considers whether to adjust its own retaliatory tariffs.”"
        }
      ]
    },
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      "timeline": "us-canada-trade-war",
      "id": 1295,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-canada-trade-war#n1295",
      "date": "2026-04-16",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Ontario expands eligibility for tariff-support programs",
      "summary": "The Government of Ontario expanded eligibility for the Protect Ontario Financing Program and the Ontario Together Trade Fund. The expansion was announced in response to the latest United States actions affecting Ontario workers and businesses.",
      "type": "announcement",
      "entities": [
        "Government of Ontario",
        "United States",
        "Protect Ontario Financing Program",
        "Ontario Together Trade Fund"
      ],
      "parties": [
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        "united-states",
        "protect-ontario-financing-program",
        "ontario-together-trade-fund"
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      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://news.ontario.ca/en/backgrounder/1007992/ontario-expanding-eligibility-for-tariff-support-programs",
          "outlet": "Government of Ontario",
          "published": "2026-09-10",
          "quote": "“In response to the United States government’s latest actions targeting Ontario workers and businesses, the Ontario government is expanding eligibility under the Protect Ontario Financing Program (POFP) and the Ontario Together Trade Fund (OTTF) to protect jobs in tariff-impacted sectors.”"
        }
      ]
    }
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