{
  "data_version": "1",
  "schema": "https://whatledto.com/data",
  "id": "international-energy-agency",
  "name": "International Energy Agency",
  "kind": "regulator",
  "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/international-energy-agency",
  "description": "Paris-based energy body whose 32 member countries hold emergency oil reserves and co-ordinate releases from them.",
  "same_as": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Energy_Agency",
    "https://www.iea.org/"
  ],
  "timelines": [
    {
      "slug": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "title": "Hormuz Disrupted: The Closure, the Reopening That Did Not Hold, and $114 Oil",
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "json": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows.json",
      "role": "Described the disruption as historically large, coordinated emergency stock releases, and estimates flows, supply, and demand.",
      "entries": 9,
      "updated_at": "2026-10-16T02:10:55.460976+00:00"
    },
    {
      "slug": "middle-east-oil-export-routes",
      "title": "Around the Strait: The Pipelines Gulf Oil Uses When Hormuz Is Shut",
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/middle-east-oil-export-routes",
      "json": "https://whatledto.com/events/middle-east-oil-export-routes.json",
      "role": "Provides the baseline assessment of Hormuz volumes, available bypass capacity and subsequent bypass-export estimates.",
      "entries": 4,
      "updated_at": "2026-10-14T14:58:27.422452+00:00"
    }
  ],
  "entries": [
    {
      "timeline": "middle-east-oil-export-routes",
      "id": 2152,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/middle-east-oil-export-routes#n2152",
      "date": "2026-10-14",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Bypass exports reach 5.6 million barrels a day, past the top of the capacity the IEA estimated",
      "summary": "The October report put overall bypass exports up 970,000 barrels a day to 5.6 million, on the swift return of East-West pipeline flows. That is above the 3.5 to 5.5 million barrels a day of available alternative capacity the IEA's own chokepoint assessment had estimated in February, and it names 11 September as the date of the bombing that took the pipeline out — a day this page previously had only at month precision.",
      "type": "report",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-report-october-2026",
          "outlet": "International Energy Agency",
          "published": "2026-10-14",
          "quote": "The 11 September bombing of the Saudi East-West Pipeline and an exponential rise in freight rates compounded the rally."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 2151,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n2151",
      "date": "2026-10-14",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Flows through the strait recover to 10.9 million barrels a day, and the IEA says demand is what broke",
      "summary": "The IEA's October report put total oil flows through the Strait of Hormuz up 3.7 million barrels a day on the month to 10.9 million, helped by Gulf of Oman ship-to-ship transfers. It also forecast world oil demand falling 2.5 million barrels a day year on year in the fourth quarter and 2.6 million on average in 2026, with diesel a quarter of the drop — the supply side mending while the demand side does not. North Sea Dated averaged $116.89 in September, $26.17 above August.",
      "type": "report",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-report-october-2026",
          "outlet": "International Energy Agency",
          "published": "2026-10-14",
          "quote": "Robust Gulf of Oman ship-to-ship transfers helped lift total oil flows through the Strait of Hormuz by 3.7 mb/d to 10.9 mb/d, while the swift return of East-West pipeline flows increased overall bypass exports by 970 kb/d to 5.6 mb/d."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 1964,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n1964",
      "date": "2026-10-07",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "IEA members support accelerating March oil-stock releases",
      "summary": "IEA member governments supported accelerating oil-stock releases announced in the March 2026 collective action. They said the releases should be completed as soon as possible.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/news/statement-by-iea-executive-director-on-meeting-of-iea-member-governments-on-7-october-2026",
          "outlet": "IEA",
          "published": "2026-10-07",
          "quote": "At today’s meeting, IEA Member governments expressed support for accelerating the oil stock releases announced in the Collective Action of March 2026 with a view to completing them as soon as possible."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 1962,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n1962",
      "date": "2026-09-15",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Brent reaches $131 after East-West Pipeline disruption",
      "summary": "The disruption of Saudi Arabia's East-West Pipeline led Brent's daily spot price to reach $131 per barrel on 15 September. The IEA also reported that attacks had caused the shutdown of the pipeline.",
      "type": "other",
      "entities": [
        "U.S. Energy Information Administration",
        "International Energy Agency",
        "Saudi Arabia",
        "East-West Pipeline",
        "Brent crude"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "us-energy-information-administration",
        "international-energy-agency",
        "saudi-arabia",
        "east-west-pipeline",
        "brent-crude"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/archives/oct26.pdf",
          "outlet": "EIA",
          "published": "2026-10-06",
          "quote": "The disruption of the pipeline led to the daily Brent spot price reaching as high as $131/b on September 15, as buyers scrambled to secure near-term supplies due to the loss of Saudi exports."
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/topics/the-middle-east-and-global-energy-markets",
          "outlet": "IEA",
          "published": null,
          "quote": "Attacks on Saudi Arabia’s energy infrastructure by Iran-backed groups in both Yemen and Iraq also pose risks, having recently caused the shutdown of Saudi Arabia’s East-West Pipeline, which brought 3.5 million barrels a day of crude exports to global markets in August."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 2169,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n2169",
      "date": "2026-09",
      "date_precision": "month",
      "title": "Middle East refined-product and LPG shipments remain below pre-war levels",
      "summary": "The International Energy Agency estimated that Middle East refined-product shipments rose to 1.9 million barrels per day in September and LPG shipments rose to 670,000 barrels per day. The report compared those levels with pre-war flows of 4.7 million barrels per day for refined products and 1.5 million barrels per day for LPG.",
      "type": "shipment",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-report-october-2026",
          "outlet": "International Energy Agency",
          "published": "2026-10-14",
          "quote": "Refined products rose by 210 kb/d to 1.9 mb/d in September, while LPG increased by 90 kb/d to 670 kb/d – from pre-war levels of 4.7 mb/d and 1.5 mb/d, respectively."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 2168,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n2168",
      "date": "2026-09",
      "date_precision": "month",
      "title": "Global oil supply rises to 102.3 million barrels per day",
      "summary": "The International Energy Agency estimated that global oil supply rose by 2.5 million barrels per day month on month to 102.3 million barrels per day in September. The agency said Gulf producers drove the increase.",
      "type": "financial",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-report-october-2026",
          "outlet": "International Energy Agency",
          "published": "2026-10-14",
          "quote": "Global oil supply increased by 2.5 mb/d m-o-m to 102.3 mb/d in September, driven by Gulf producers."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 2167,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n2167",
      "date": "2026-09",
      "date_precision": "month",
      "title": "Gulf producers' crude exports rise to 13.9 million barrels per day",
      "summary": "The International Energy Agency estimated that crude exports from Gulf producers increased by 4.4 million barrels per day to 13.9 million barrels per day in September. The report said Saudi Arabia led the increase and exports reached over 75% of pre-war levels.",
      "type": "shipment",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency",
        "Saudi Arabia"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency",
        "saudi-arabia"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-report-october-2026",
          "outlet": "International Energy Agency",
          "published": "2026-10-14",
          "quote": "Crude oil exports from Gulf producers, led by Saudi Arabia, surged by 4.4 mb/d to 13.9 mb/d in September, reaching over 75% of pre-war levels as supply recovered strongly and inventories were drawn down."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 1953,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n1953",
      "date": "2026-03-11",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "IEA members agree to release 400 million barrels",
      "summary": "The 32 IEA member countries agreed to make 400 million barrels from emergency reserves available to the market. The release was intended to address oil-market disruptions stemming from the Middle East war.",
      "type": "response",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/news/iea-member-countries-to-carry-out-largest-ever-oil-stock-release-amid-market-disruptions-from-middle-east-conflict",
          "outlet": "IEA",
          "published": "2026-03-11",
          "quote": "The 32 Member countries of the International Energy Agency unanimously agreed today to make 400 million barrels of oil from their emergency reserves available to the market to address disruptions in oil markets stemming from the war in the Middle East."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 1952,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n1952",
      "date": "2026-03-02",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "Ras Laffan LNG facility goes offline after an attack",
      "summary": "The Ras Laffan LNG facility in Qatar had been offline since an attack on 2 March. The IEA identified it as the world's largest liquefaction facility.",
      "type": "other",
      "entities": [
        "Qatar",
        "Ras Laffan LNG facility",
        "International Energy Agency"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "qatar",
        "ras-laffan-lng-facility",
        "international-energy-agency"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/topics/the-middle-east-and-global-energy-markets",
          "outlet": "IEA",
          "published": null,
          "quote": "The Ras Laffan facility in Qatar, which is the world's largest liquefaction facility, has been offline since an attack on 2 March."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows",
      "id": 1949,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/strait-of-hormuz-oil-flows#n1949",
      "date": "2026-02-28",
      "date_precision": "day",
      "title": "War impedes energy trade through the Strait of Hormuz",
      "summary": "A war in the region began on 28 February and impeded energy trade flows through the Strait of Hormuz. The IEA described the resulting interruption as the largest supply disruption in global oil-market history.",
      "type": "other",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/topics/the-middle-east-and-global-energy-markets",
          "outlet": "IEA",
          "published": null,
          "quote": "The war in the region that began on 28 February has impeded energy trade flows through the Strait, creating the largest supply disruption in the history of the global oil market."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "middle-east-oil-export-routes",
      "id": 1967,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/middle-east-oil-export-routes#n1967",
      "date": "2026-02",
      "date_precision": "month",
      "title": "Iran built its own way around the strait and has never used it",
      "summary": "The Goreh-Jask pipeline and the Jask terminal on the Gulf of Oman were inaugurated in 2021 to give Iran an export route outside the strait it periodically threatens to close, with a reported capacity of a million barrels a day. A single test cargo left Jask in late 2024 and nothing since. The IEA does not count it as a viable export option, which is the asymmetry underneath the whole story — the country closing the strait has no working bypass of its own, while the two countries it blocks do.",
      "type": "report",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency",
        "Iran"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency",
        "iran"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/about/oil-security-and-emergency-response/strait-of-hormuz",
          "outlet": "International Energy Agency",
          "published": "2026-02",
          "quote": "A test load was exported from Jask in late 2024, but no further oil has been exported from Jask since then."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "middle-east-oil-export-routes",
      "id": 1966,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/middle-east-oil-export-routes#n1966",
      "date": "2026-02",
      "date_precision": "month",
      "title": "Two pipelines, three different numbers each: design capacity, operator claim, and what is actually flowing",
      "summary": "The UAE's Abu Dhabi Crude Oil Pipeline runs 400 km from Habshan to Fujairah with a nameplate of 1.5 million barrels a day and a reported current capacity near 1.8 million; the UAE was already using about 1.1 million of it, leaving room for perhaps 700,000 more. Saudi Arabia's Petroline is two lines from Abqaiq to Yanbu with a design capacity of 5 million barrels a day, which Aramco said in March 2025 it had raised to 7 million — a level the IEA notes has not been tested at sustainable flows. In early 2026 only about 2 million barrels a day of it was in use.",
      "type": "report",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency",
        "Saudi Arabia",
        "Saudi Aramco"
      ],
      "parties": [
        "international-energy-agency",
        "saudi-arabia",
        "saudi-aramco"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/about/oil-security-and-emergency-response/strait-of-hormuz",
          "outlet": "International Energy Agency",
          "published": "2026-02",
          "quote": "The system is composed of two lines with a total design capacity of 5 mb/d of crude oil. In March 2025, Aramco reported that it had increased capacity to 7 mb/d, but sustainable flows have not been tested at this level. As of early 2026, it is estimated that about 2 mb/d of the pipeline’s capacity is used, leaving between 3 and 5 mb/d of spare capacity, depending on operational conditions and available export capacity on the Saudi West Coast."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "timeline": "middle-east-oil-export-routes",
      "id": 1965,
      "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/middle-east-oil-export-routes#n1965",
      "date": "2026-02",
      "date_precision": "month",
      "title": "Twenty million barrels a day go through the strait, and at most five and a half can go around it",
      "summary": "The IEA's standing assessment of the chokepoint sets the arithmetic this page is about. Nearly 20 million barrels a day of crude and products were exported through the Strait of Hormuz in 2025, around a quarter of the world's seaborne oil trade, and only Saudi Arabia and the UAE have operational crude pipelines that can re-route any of it. The agency put the available bypass capacity at 3.5 to 5.5 million barrels a day, and warned that the logistics of actually moving substantial volumes that way have not been robustly tested.",
      "type": "report",
      "entities": [
        "International Energy Agency",
        "Saudi Arabia"
      ],
      "parties": [
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      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iea.org/about/oil-security-and-emergency-response/strait-of-hormuz",
          "outlet": "International Energy Agency",
          "published": "2026-02",
          "quote": "Only Saudi Arabia and the UAE have operational crude pipelines that could potentially re-route flows to bypass the Strait of Hormuz, with an estimated 3.5 to 5.5 mb/d of available capacity. While additional capacity may exist in major pipelines to bypass the Strait, the logistics and supply chains needed to re-route and export substantial flows have not been robustly tested."
        }
      ]
    }
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