{ "data_version": "1", "schema": "https://whatledto.com/data", "id": "court-of-appeals-for-the-federal-circuit", "name": "Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit", "kind": "regulator", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/court-of-appeals-for-the-federal-circuit", "description": "Hears appeals from the Court of International Trade, including the tariff cases.", "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" ], "timelines": [ { "slug": "us-tariff-refund-litigation", "title": "IEEPA Tariff Refunds: From the Supreme Court Ruling to the Console Lawsuits", "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation", "json": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation.json", "role": "Affirmed en banc in 2025; hears the government's appeal of the universal refund orders.", "entries": 4, "updated_at": "2026-10-14T04:35:35.915350+00:00" } ], "entries": [ { "timeline": "us-tariff-refund-litigation", "id": 350, "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation#n350", "date": "2026-06-03", "date_precision": "day", "title": "Justice Department appeals the universal refund orders; CBP says $23 billion has gone to Treasury", "summary": "DOJ filed notices of appeal at the Federal Circuit arguing the trade court cannot order refunds to importers who never sued, the CASA argument it had flagged in March. At a June 9 hearing CBP's trade chief Susan Thomas testified that CAPE had accepted claims covering about $90 billion of the $166 billion collected and transmitted about $23 billion to Treasury, having processed refunds on nearly 8.5 million entries in six weeks. Entries liquidated more than 80 days earlier, worth perhaps $30 billion, remained contested.", "type": "legal", "entities": [ "U.S. Department of Justice", "Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit", "U.S. Customs and Border Protection", "Susan Thomas" ], "parties": [ "us-department-of-justice", "court-of-appeals-for-the-federal-circuit", "us-customs-and-border-protection", "susan-thomas" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/06/ieepa-tariff-refund-update-government-appeals", "outlet": "Holland & Knight", "published": "2026-06-15", "quote": "On June 3, 2026, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) filed notices of appeal in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit." } ] }, { "timeline": "us-tariff-refund-litigation", "id": 349, "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation#n349", "date": "2026-05-07", "date_precision": "day", "title": "Trade court strikes down the Section 122 surcharge; Federal Circuit stays the ruling five days later", "summary": "In Oregon v. United States and Burlap and Barrel v. United States the Court of International Trade held Proclamation 11012 invalid because trade and current-account deficits are not the balance-of-payments deficits Section 122 was written for. Relief was limited to the plaintiffs, the State of Washington, Burlap and Barrel and toymaker Basic Fun, and on May 12 the Federal Circuit issued an administrative stay, so collection of the 10% surcharge continued while the appeal proceeded.", "type": "legal", "entities": [ "Court of International Trade", "Section 122", "Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit" ], "parties": [ "court-of-international-trade", "section-122", "court-of-appeals-for-the-federal-circuit" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wardandsmith.com/article/court-of-international-trade-rejects-10-section-122-tariff-what-businesses-should-know-while-the-appeal-proceeds", "outlet": "Ward and Smith", "published": "2026-05-13", "quote": "On May 7, 2026, the U.S. Court of International Trade held that Proclamation 11012, which imposed a temporary 10% import surcharge under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974, was invalid because the proclamation did not identify the type of “balance-of-payments deficits” required by the statute." } ] }, { "timeline": "us-tariff-refund-litigation", "id": 341, "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation#n341", "date": "2025-08-29", "date_precision": "day", "title": "Federal Circuit, sitting en banc, affirms 7 to 4 that IEEPA does not authorize the tariffs", "summary": "The full Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit agreed that IEEPA's grant of authority to regulate imports does not authorize tariffs that are unbounded in scope, amount and duration, while vacating the trade court's nationwide injunction for reconsideration in light of the Supreme Court's CASA decision on universal relief. The court stayed its mandate until October 14 so the government could seek Supreme Court review, and the tariffs stayed in force.", "type": "legal", "entities": [ "Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit", "V.O.S. Selections", "IEEPA" ], "parties": [ "court-of-appeals-for-the-federal-circuit", "vos-selections", "ieepa" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.cafc.uscourts.gov/opinions-orders/25-1812.OPINION.8-29-2025_2566151.pdf", "outlet": "Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit", "published": "2025-08-29", "quote": "Because we agree that IEEPA’s grant of presidential authority to “regulate” imports does not authorize the tariffs imposed by the Executive Orders, we affirm." } ] }, { "timeline": "us-tariff-refund-litigation", "id": 356, "url": "https://whatledto.com/events/us-tariff-refund-litigation#n356", "date": "2025-06-10", "date_precision": "day", "title": "Federal Circuit grants stay pending appeal in Oregon case", "summary": "The Federal Circuit granted the government's motion for a stay pending appeal. It scheduled expedited oral argument on the merits for July 31, 2025.", "type": "legal", "entities": [ "Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit", "State of Oregon" ], "parties": [ "court-of-appeals-for-the-federal-circuit", "state-of-oregon" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.doj.state.or.us/oregon-department-of-justice/federal-oversight/federal-litigation-tracker/tariffs-oregon-v-trump-u-s-court-of-international-trade-125-cv-00077/", "outlet": "Oregon Department of Justice", "published": "2025-06-10", "quote": "On 6/10/25, the Federal Circuit issued an order granting the government’s motion for a stay pending appeal and scheduled an expedited oral argument on the merits for 7/31/25." } ] } ], "often_with": [ { "id": "apple", "name": "Apple", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/apple", "json": "https://whatledto.com/who/apple.json", "shared_timelines": 1 }, { "id": "microsoft", "name": "Microsoft", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/microsoft", "json": "https://whatledto.com/who/microsoft.json", "shared_timelines": 1 }, { "id": "donald-trump", "name": "Donald Trump", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/donald-trump", "json": "https://whatledto.com/who/donald-trump.json", "shared_timelines": 1 }, { "id": "us-department-of-the-treasury", "name": "U.S. Department of the Treasury", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/us-department-of-the-treasury", "json": "https://whatledto.com/who/us-department-of-the-treasury.json", "shared_timelines": 1 }, { "id": "office-of-management-and-budget", "name": "Office of Management and Budget", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/office-of-management-and-budget", "json": "https://whatledto.com/who/office-of-management-and-budget.json", "shared_timelines": 1 }, { "id": "sony", "name": "Sony", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/sony", "json": "https://whatledto.com/who/sony.json", "shared_timelines": 1 }, { "id": "united-states", "name": "United States", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/united-states", "json": "https://whatledto.com/who/united-states.json", "shared_timelines": 1 }, { "id": "john-roberts", "name": "John Roberts", "url": "https://whatledto.com/who/john-roberts", "json": "https://whatledto.com/who/john-roberts.json", "shared_timelines": 1 } ], "license": { "holder": "What Led To", "terms": "https://whatledto.com/methodology#reuse", "summary": "Quote entries with attribution and a link to the entry; do not republish whole timelines or train models on the text." } }